World demand for post-consumer recycled (PCR) resins in packaging reached a total of 4.79 million tonnes in 2021, and is set to reach 6.37 million tonnes in 2026.
This is according to new data from Smithers as published in its The Future of PCR Packaging to 2026 report, which finds that demand has seen only a minor deflection over the two years the coronavirus pandemic disrupted plastics end-use applications. As the world emerges from the pandemic phase, in 2022 companies are revising their packaging portfolios, responding to new legislative targets, and are already paying premiums for high purity PCR grades. This contributes to Smithers predicting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.9% across 2021-2026 that will push global demand to 6.37 million tonnes in 2026.
Smithers’ analysis tracks the historic current and future market consumption of PCR across seven polymer types (PET, PE, PP, PS, PVC, EPS, others). The current advanced state of mechanical recycling platforms means that recycled PET (rPET) constitutes the majority (68%) of supply in 2021. The arrival of superior recycling technology, combined with impending deadlines for minimum recycled content in PET beverage bottles in Europe, California (US) and Canada will underpin continued demand. It is forecast that simultaneously the nascent market for low and high-density PE PCR and PP will expand, as various market barriers are overcome.
Sihl has recently introduced the first inkjet film based on 90% PCR, 7054 Picofilm CPr-50 gloss IHG1.
The increased enthusiasm has already seen sourcing move beyond the first generation of post-industrial closed loop recycling platforms. As the market evolves, it will be dependent on greater investment in collection, sorting, and recovery infrastructure – as well as the implementation of easier to recycle pack designs, and the availability of polymer additives to boost end-of-life processability.
Smithers added that in 2022 many brands are keen to embrace PCR as a means to reduce the carbon footprint of their packaging. As technology evolves across the decade, mechanically recycled PCR supply will increasingly compete against other sustainable innovations, including the commercial deployment of chemical (advanced) recycling feedstocks, bioplastics, and re-use packaging formats.
Europe is the largest regional market for PCR resins in packaging – accounting for over half of global consumption in 2021 – and will be the fastest growing over the five years to 2026. This is driven by consumer expectations and legislation, including the Single-use Plastics Directive, plastic waste surcharges and support via the EU’s Circular Economy Action Plan. To meet the rising demand there is still a need to increase capacity and streamline approval processes for PCR stocks that can be used in direct food contact. This will slow market availability, and cause further upward pressure on prices across 2021-2026. The same challenges will also constrict PCR availability in other world regions, including North America, which is best positioned to follow Europe.
Food and beverage formats accounted for over two thirds of PCR consumption in 2021, and will see the greatest additional demand for PCR in packaging through to 2026. Already in 2022, multiple FMCG brands have showcased 100% recycled PET beverages bottles as a visible commitment to cutting their impact on the environment. The market is far from saturated, however; food and beverage packs will continue to dominate as these same brands work on new projects to achieve corporate sustainability targets set for 2025. Personal care and medical packaging present alternative and competing markets for the supply of high-quality PCR resins, although demand in transit packaging and other consumer segments continues to track below the market mean.
